The cure for AIDS has been a puzzle for a very long period, until recently, someone may have found a way to halt the progression of HIV to AIDS. The HIV infection basically sends the immune system to overdrive, thus exhausting it, which eventually leads to AIDS. But removing the cholesterol from HIV seems to cripple the virus' ability to over-activate part of the immune system, so it could potentially lead to a vaccine that lets the adaptive immune system attack and destroy the virus - just as it would if HIV was any other pathogen.
Dr. Adriano Bosso, an immunologist from the Imperial College London, describes the 'cure' as follows:
"Think of the immune system as a car. HIV forces the car to stay in first gear, and if you do that too long, the engine is not going to last very long," he said in an interview. "But if we take the cholesterol away, HIV is not capable of attacking the immune system quite as well. Practically, what we've done is turn HIV into a normal jump-start of a car."
Of course, there are drawbacks to this proposal due to lack of evidence on the de-cholesterolised virus as an effective form of vaccine. Cholesterol removal leads to less access of the HIV virus into the dendritic cells, which means there's less of the virus for the cells to detect, which leads them to produce fewer interferons (proteins that allow communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that eradicate pathogens or tumors) and can be potentially harmful to the body. Thus, more research needs to be done on this matter.
Source:
Adriano Boasso, Caroline M Royle, Spyridon Doumazos, Veronica N Aquino, Mara Biasin, Luca Piacentini, Barbara Tavano, Dietmar Fuchs, Francesco Mazzotta, Sergio Lo Caputo, Gene M Shearer, Mario Clerici, and David R Graham
Over-activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell inhibits anti-viral T-cell responses: a model for HIV immunopathogenesis
Blood 2011 : blood-2011-03-344218v1-blood-2011-03-344218.
Dr. Adriano Bosso, an immunologist from the Imperial College London, describes the 'cure' as follows:
"Think of the immune system as a car. HIV forces the car to stay in first gear, and if you do that too long, the engine is not going to last very long," he said in an interview. "But if we take the cholesterol away, HIV is not capable of attacking the immune system quite as well. Practically, what we've done is turn HIV into a normal jump-start of a car."
Of course, there are drawbacks to this proposal due to lack of evidence on the de-cholesterolised virus as an effective form of vaccine. Cholesterol removal leads to less access of the HIV virus into the dendritic cells, which means there's less of the virus for the cells to detect, which leads them to produce fewer interferons (proteins that allow communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that eradicate pathogens or tumors) and can be potentially harmful to the body. Thus, more research needs to be done on this matter.
Source:
Adriano Boasso, Caroline M Royle, Spyridon Doumazos, Veronica N Aquino, Mara Biasin, Luca Piacentini, Barbara Tavano, Dietmar Fuchs, Francesco Mazzotta, Sergio Lo Caputo, Gene M Shearer, Mario Clerici, and David R Graham
Over-activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell inhibits anti-viral T-cell responses: a model for HIV immunopathogenesis
Blood 2011 : blood-2011-03-344218v1-blood-2011-03-344218.
I wasn't aware of it putting the immune system into "overdrive". Does the article mention anything in the way in HIV destroying T helper cells? That was my main understanding of how HIV causes AIDS.
ReplyDeleteWhat is a plasmacytoid dendritic cell? And what does it do in regards to the immune response to a pathogen?
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